Combined grain-drill and cultivator



2Sheets-Sheet 1. J. C. BAKER.

Combined Grain Drill and Cultivator. No. 234,845. Patenfed'Nov. 30,1880.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Y J. C. BAKER.

Combined Grain Drill and Cultivator- No. 234,845. Patented Nov. 30,1880.

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N. PETERSA PHOfo-IITHOGRAPNER, wAsNxNGTON. D C.

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JOHN O. BAKER, OF MEOHANIOSBUBG, OHIO.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,845, dated November30, 1880.

Application filed February 16, 1880.

To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN O. BAKER, of Mechanicsburg, in the county ofChampaign and State of Ohio, have invented certain Improvements inCombined Grain-Drill and'Oultivator, of which the following is aspeciation.

My invention relates to a combined graindrill. and cultivator; and theimprovements consist in a peculiar construction of a tubular frametherefor and manner of applying and securing the various attachments tosaid frame,

and-in a novel construction and arrangement of a cultivating device tobe substituted for the hoes of the drill, adapted for working the grainin its various stages.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a top-plan view of myimproved machine; Fig. 2, a section through the same on the line .fr a:of Fig. l; Fig. 3, a section on the line y y of Fig. l; Fig. 4, asection on the line zz of Fig. 3 5 Fig. 5, a perspective view of thecnltivator-teeth of one beam or dragbar, and Fig. 6 views showing thedifferent operative positions of the same.

This invention is designed to obviate certain difficulties which I haveexperienced in the construction of tubular frames for grain-drills andcultivators, and the attachment .thereto of the attendant parts, and toprovide an efficient means for cultivating the grain in its early aswell as its later stages.

In the construction of the frame I employ metal tubing, for the reasonthat a very light and strong frame may be made thereof at a smallexpense; but, as hitherto constructed, the parts of the frame have beenjoined together by screwing into thimbles or couplings, and the variousparts secured to said frame by means of bolts or screws passing throughholes drilled therein. Such construction is found objectionable, for thereasons that the threading of the tubes weakens them, and that thedrilling ofthe bolt or screw holes requires tobe done with accuracy,involves time and labor, and still further weakens the tubing. By myimproved construction, however, these difficulties are remedied, and theadjustment and` fastening of the parts rendered simple and speedy.

Referring now to the drawings, A represen ts the main frame, consistingof tubular side bars, a, and a similar front bar, b, connected at theirends by elbows c, forming a threesided rectangular frame, open at therear. The bars a, a, and b are threaded and screwed into theelbows c,which latter are formed each with a flange in its angle, as shown inFig. l, whereby the elbows are rendered much stronger and a convenientplace is provided for the attachment of the ends of a cross-bar, d. Thiscrossbar serves to prevent the elbows from working from each other andmaterially strengthens the frame, and it also affords a suitable placefor the attachment of the beams or dragbars B.

O representsacross-brace, also made of tubing, and provided at one endwith a right-hand, and at the other with a left-hand, thread, the endsbeing screwed into T-thimbles, which latter are slipped freely upon theside bars or rails, a, and held at any desired point by setscrews, e,which pass through the walls or sides of the thimbles and bear upon theside bars, a. By turning the cross-brace O in one or the otherdirection, and thereby causingits ends to screw into or out of thethimbles f, the rear ends of the side bars, a, will be drawn toward each:other or pressed apart, and the width of the frame thereby perfectlyregulated.

D D represent the axle-blocks, each of which slips freely upon the siderail or bar of the frame, one at each side of the frame, and is madefast at the proper point by means of a set-screw, g, as shown in Fig. 4.rlhe axleblocks D consist each of a metal block or casting having twopassages or openings through it at right angles, one to permit it to bepassed onto the side bar, a, and the other to receive a sleeve ortubular shaft, E, the purpose of 9o which Will be explained farther on.lhe axle F is carried centrally through the short shafts or sleeves E,of which there is one at each side of the machine, and is free to turntherein, though this latter feature is not essential.

G G represent cap-pieces, which are tted upon the rear ends ofthe sidebars, a a, closing their ends and giving a neat finish to the same. Boththe axle-blocks and the cap-pieces are formed with a recess, h, intowhich extend IOO the feet t' of the seed-hopper H, as shown in Figs. 3and 4, the lower face of said feet being hollowed to conform to the faceof the side bars, a, as shown in the latter iigure. Setscrews lr,passing down through the tops of the blocks D and caps G, bear upon thefeet 1'., pressing them down iirmly upon the side bars, a, and drawingthe blocks and caps with like force against the lower sides or faces ofthe same, thereby locking all the parts firmly and immovably in place.

The hopper being always of the same length,

'the importance of making the bars a c readily adjustable to and fromeach other will be readily appreciated, particularly with the peculiarmethod here employed of fastening the hopper in place, which requiresthat a full and proper bearing of the feet upon the side bars beafforded.

The sleeves or shafts E above referred to pass through the axle-blocks Dand carry on their inner ends crank-arms j, between which extends across shaft or bar, l, provided with links for raising and lowering thebeams or drag-bars, which latter are attached to the cross-bar d byjointed couplings, as shown, one of the sleeves E being furnished with ahand-lever, I, by which to control the position ofthe drag-bars. Asegmental :rack and locking device is furnished for locking the lever,as usual.

The grain feeding or delivering devices will be of any of the well-knownforce-feed constructions, and the hoes used for drilling will likewisebe of common form.

In order that the machine may be used for working crops in their earlystages without danger of covering up the plants, it is customary toprovide shields or fenders to keep clods or stones from falling upon thelatter; but this expedient, while adding to the expense of the machine,is found to be not altogether satisfactory.

To adapt my machine for working the crops at early and subsequent stagesI provide the cultivating attachment shown in Figs. 5 and 6, whichconsists of a head, J, made either in one or in two parts, and adaptedto be substituted at will for the hoe of the drill, each head beingformed with two outwardly-turned ears, m, for the attachment of legs a,to which the cultivator-teeth are secured, one tooth being arranged topass on each side of the plant.

The head QI is pivoted to the drag-bar and provided with the usualperforations and breakpin of the common cultivator-tooth.

The ears m and the legs a may, if desired, be serrated or roughen'ed, bywhich means all slipping will be prevented, while the distance betweenthe teeth or blades of any pair may be adjusted at will by simplyloosening the central bolt, 0, and swinging the leg to position andagain tightening the bolt. Each tooth or blade consists of a plate, K,having the usual form of such teeth at one end, but having its other endturned over on an oblique line to project from the face or body of theblade Kv at right angles, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, forming a lip oroifset, p. The plateor blade K is furnished on its back with a sleeve oreye to encircle the lower rounded end of the leg a, a set-screw servingto fasten the platein its adjusted position.

When the plants are very young the blades are placed in position withthe lip ends lowermost, and as the machine is drawn forward the bladesentering the ground carry the lips under the plants, loosening up thesoil without disturbing them, the blades being placed edgewise, asshown. After the plants have attained a larger growth the teeth orblades are imply inverted and the machine used as beore.

I am aware that in mold-board plows the mold-board and landside havebeen adjusted by right-and-left screws also, that in wheeled cultivatorshaving two plows a divided frame connected by a complicated mechanismhas been adjusted by a right-and-left screw to change the distancebetween the two plows; and also that cultivator-beams or drag-bars havebeen connected by screws to change lthe distance between them but I layno claim to the above arrangements or either of them.

My invention relates solely to that wellknown class of seeding ordrilling machines in which a rectangular wheeled frame is used inconnection with a series of drag-bars and hoes and a long transversehopper which supplies grain to all the hoes, and I believe myself to bethe first to construct a frame suitable for a machine of the abovecharacter which ca-n be adjusted readily in width to suit the exactlength of the hopper.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. The combination,in a seeding-machine, of a rectangular frame composed of a front bar andtwo side bars, a transverse hopper sustained by the side bars of saidframe, and a transverse brace having its ends threaded in reversedirections to adjust the side bars to and from each other as the lengthof the hopper may require.

2. A tubular grain-drill frame consisting of tubular front and sidebars, elbows screwed thereto and forming corners, T- thimbles mounted onthe side bars, and a cross-brace having its two ends threaded in reversedirections and seated in the thimbles, as shown and described.

3. In combination with a frame having its front andvside bars connectedby elbows, a cross-bar extending between and connecting the elbows,substantially as shown.

4:. In combination with a hopper having feet z', the blocks D, and capsG,recessed to receive the feet, and provided with set-screws, as shown.

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5. Theelbowhereindesorbed,provided with wally-swinging arms/n n, pivotedthereto, the ange in its angle, as and for the purpose l and two shovelsattached to the pvote'd arms.

set forth.

6. A reversible oultivator-tooth, K, pointed l JOHN (J' BAKER' 5 at oneend and furnished with a lip, p, at its opposite end, as shown.

7. The combination of the head J, the lat- Witnesses:

T. E. SHEPHERD, A. B. OREAMER.

